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29 Results Found for “small intestine”
Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is a rare gastrointestinal malignancy, accounting for about 1–3% of gastrointestinal cancers.1,2 Its reported incidence has increased in recent decades, likely reflecting improved detection by balloon-assisted and capsule endoscopy and the more widespread use of cross-sectional imaging.3,4 ...
The intestinal microbiota, composed of approximately 1,000 species and over 100 trillion micro-organisms, plays a vital role in host physiology, including metabolism, barrier function and immune regulation.1 Disruption of this delicate host–microbiota balance – known as dysbiosis – has been implicated in the ...
Q&A with Dr Benjamin Weinberg: Understanding rare GI cancers (small bowel, appendix and anal cancer)
Rare gastrointestinal (GI) cancers present unique challenges in diagnosis, treatment and research. Dr. Benjamin Weinberg discusses three of the rarest GI cancers: small bowel, appendix and anal cancer.
"A mentor once told me to always stay true to my values – advice that has guided me throughout my career" Dr Eric Lander (Director of Research at Minnesota Oncology – Minneapolis, MN, USA) shares his journey and insights into the ...
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) comprise a heterogenous group of malignancies with diverse clinical behaviour determined by tumour characteristics such as grade, differentiation and primary tumour origin.1 While neuroendocrine carcinomas are poorly differentiated aggressive malignancies, well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) tend to be ...
Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumours of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, accounting for 0.1–3.0% of all GI malignancies, and 80% of all GI sarcomas.1–5 While GISTs can occur throughout the entire GI tract, with similar male/female incidence, 60% ...
Prostate cancer (PC) has probably afflicted males in mid- to late life since humans evolved; evidence indicates that it has been a likely cause of death for thousands of years. DNA analysis of bone marrow from preserved human remains of ...
Lung cancer is the most common non-cutaneous cancer globally, and the foremost cause of cancer mortality.1 Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80–85% of all lung cancer.2 Forty to fifty percent of patients diagnosed with NSCLC have disease which is ...
Malignancies of the lung are common, and are the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide.1Non-small cell lung carcinoma constitutes the majority of these lesions, with small cell lung carcinomas comprising the remainder (15%).1Non-small cell lung cancers are subdivided into ...
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Although they have been recognized as a distinct entity for several decades, it has only been over the past 10–15 years that these tumors have been ...
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Although they have been recognized as a distinct entity for several decades, it has only been over the past 10–15 years that these tumors have been ...
Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) is a collective term for a diverse range of neoplasms that arise from cells that originate in the endocrine and nervous systems and share common morphological and immunohistochemical features, including the presence of secretory granules. These tumours ...
Cancer treatments are quite challenging for cancer patients to endure. The cancer treatments and subsequent adverse effects patients experience often make them feel worse than the disease itself.1–3 Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) are two of the most common and ...
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) refers to a group of clonal haemopoietic disorders characterised by ineffective haemopoiesis, bone marrow dysplasia and an increased risk of transformation to acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML). A number of prognostic scoring systems have been developed to predict ...
Free cholesterol is a constituent of cell membranes. Apart from nucleus-free erythrocytes, all cells of the human body are able to synthesise cholesterol de novo. More than 100 enzymatic processes are involved in the complete biosynthesis of cholesterol, which is a ...
In 2000, patients with metastatic GIST had only one viable treatment option – surgical resection. This was an appropriate option for a subset of patients; however, despite surgery, some patients were destined to relapse.6 Systemic therapy for GIST with standard chemotherapy ...
Epidemiology of GIST The mean age at the time of first diagnosis is 63 years,2 with most patients between 40 and 80 years old.3 Men show slightly higher prevalence than woman, supported by the recent US study of 1,458 cases, with 54% and 46% incidence rate ...
KIT is transmembrane protein that functions as the receptor of the stem cell factor (SCF) and as a tyrosine kinase. Most KIT mutations occur in untreated GISTs in exon 11 that encodes the intracellular juxtamembrane part of the protein, and only ...
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