Trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) is a novel oral formulation of two drugs with promising results in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).1 Trifluridine is a thymidine-based nucleoside analogue that, after intracellular phosphorylation, gets incorporated into DNA, causing DNA dysfunction.2 It was first identified by Callahan et al. in 1996 as an active impurity in the herbicide trifluralin, which […]

The incidence rate of breast cancer (BC) is the highest in Pakistan among all Asian countries.1 In 2018 alone, 2.1 million cases were diagnosed, although the exact number is likely much higher due to poor reporting in rural areas and the lack of a formal national cancer registry.1,2 Over the last decade, multiple non-governmental organizations and large […]

Endocrine therapy (ET) has changed the natural history of hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer (BC) and is the cornerstone of the treatment of HR+ BC. There are several ETs approved for the treatment of BC, including selective oestrogen receptor modulators (SERMs; tamoxifen), aromatase inhibitors (AIs; anastrazole, letrozole and exemestane) and selective oestrogen receptor degraders (SERDs; fulvestrant […]

Welcome to the latest issue of touchREVIEWS in Oncology & Haematology. We are honoured to present a series of compelling articles that reflect cutting-edge developments and diverse perspectives in this ever-evolving field. This issue includes a series of editorials and reviews from esteemed experts who provide insights into novel therapies and their potential to change […]

Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) is a novel human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) designed to effectively deliver a potent topoisomerase I inhibitor (exatecan derivative) to HER2-expressing cancer cells and limit potential systemic toxicity.1 T-DXd has shown remarkable efficacy against recurrent HER2-positive breast cancer in many trials.2–5 This payload, an exatecan derivative, is highly active among camptothecins […]

Unmet clinical needs for patients with advanced epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated non–small-cell lung cancer Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have become the standard first-line therapy for patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harbouring a classical activating EGFR mutation (exon 19 deletion or exon 21 L858R). Osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR-TKI, is the […]

The treatment of advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer has advanced significantly in recent years. This is particularly important, given the rising mortality rates of endometrial cancer, particularly among high-risk subtypes.1 Platinum-based chemotherapy had long been the standard of care in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer. New approaches to the classification of endometrial cancer based […]

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the seventh most frequently occurring cancer in the world and the second most common cause of cancer mortality.1 The incidence of HCC has been growing rapidly, with a 75% increase in newly diagnosed cases from 1990 to 2015.2 Approximately 90% of HCC cases are associated with an underlying aetiology, most frequently chronic viral […]

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a cancer of the epithelial cells lining the biliary tree in the liver and can occur both inside the liver (intrahepatic CCA [iCCA]) and outside the liver (extrahepatic CCA, which includes both perihilar and distal cholangiocarcinoma) (Figure 1). Figure 1: A diagram showing the anatomical locations of the different subtypes of biliary tract […]