ONCOLOGY & HEMATOLOGY (US) – VOLUME 10 ISSUE 1 – SPRING 2014

Spring has come and soon summer will be here. Many important meetings will be held and our knowledge will increase. New approaches to cancer diagnosis and treatment (surgical, radio-oncological, and medical) will be presented. Progress in supportive care will be a major focus. This issue of Oncology & Hematology Review offers a remarkable background to […]

Head and neck cancer encompasses tumours of different origins and types. Over 90 % of them are squamous cell carcinomas arising the epithelium of the upper aerodigestive tract, extending from the and oral cavities, down to the larynx and hypopharynx. Among the various clinical and pathological prognosticators, the presence of cervical nodal metastasis is the […]

Glioblastoma Multiforme Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant of the primary brain cancers with only about 12 % of patients surviving beyond 36 months (longterm survivors).1–4 Most GBMs are heterogeneous in cellular composition consisting of tumor stem cells, malignantly transformed mesenchymal cells, and host stromal cells; hence, the name ‘glioblastoma multiforme.’5–11 Primary GBM appears […]

Malignant melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer and has demonstrated an increasing mortality among men in the last quarter century.1 The 5-year survival rate is approximately 15–20 % for stage IV melanoma.2 Surgical management of primary melanoma remains wide excision with or without the addition of sentinel lymph node biopsy. While 5-year survival […]

The treatment of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an unmet medical need, which refers to tumors that are estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) negative, and where human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is not overexpressed. This subset accounts for approximately 12–20 % of breast cancer patients.1 Gene expression analysis on this […]

Breast cancer is the most common female malignancy in Europe and North America, and represents a heterogeneous group of proliferative lesions, the prognosis of which depends on a host of interrelated factors including draining axillary lymph node status, tumor size, grade, mitotic index, and molecular profile. The treatment of breast cancer is multimodal, and can […]

The management of colorectal cancer has continued to evolve over approximately one century. Without a doubt the most effective management strategy to combat this disease is prevention. This involves the identification of high-risk groups, dietary changes and dietary supplements.1 The next most effective management strategy is screening for disease to confirm a diagnosis of colon […]

This review describes strategies for producing castrate levels of testosterone in men with androgen-sensitive prostate cancer (PC) and the associated toxicities, with particular focus on the re-emergence and potential benefits of parenteral estrogen. In the developed world, PC is the commonest malignancy and second commonest cause of cancer death affecting men. Its incidence is increasing […]

Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer death among men worldwide with an estimated 899,000 new cases and 258,000 new deaths in 2008.1 Risk-stratification systems are used to assist with treatment selection, ensuring prognostic uniformity in clinical trials, and in the evaluation of treatment outcomes. […]

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents 2–3 % of all cancers, and is responsible for 13,570 annual US deaths.1 Surgical resection of localized RCC can be curative, but disease recurrence eventually occurs in many patients, at rates that can be directly related to features including tumor size or grade. In addition, many patients are diagnosed with […]

In the US, approximately 1 % of all breast cancer cases and less than 1 % of all male cancers are male breast cancer (MBC) cases. An estimated 2,240 cases of MBC will be diagnosed in the US in 2013 compared with 232,340 cases of female breast cancer (FBC).1 Due to its rarity, large prospective […]