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This issue of touchREVIEWS in Oncology & Haematology brings together a diverse collection of articles reflecting the growing complexity of cancer care and the continued evolution of precision medicine across tumour types. From rare malignancies and treatment-related challenges to emerging targeted therapies and novel biological insights, the contributions highlight both recent progress and the significant […]

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Oncogenic mutations in the RAS gene can drive cancer initiation and progression

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The role of RAS in normal cell regulation

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Oncogenic RAS mutations and therapeutic challenges

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The RAS family of proteins, which includes the primary members KRAS, NRAS, and HRAS, play a crucial role in the regulation of cell proliferation and survival in normal cells. These proteins function as tightly regulated molecular switches that cycle between the inactive GDP-bound [RAS(OFF)] and active GTP-bound [RAS(ON)] states. This careful regulation maintains a tight balance between RAS in its OFF and ON states.

Oncogenic mutations in the RAS gene can drive cancer initiation and progression, thereby disrupting this balance and resulting in a shift to excessive RAS(ON) signaling in tumor cells. Inhibiting RAS(ON) function can disrupt the activation of signaling pathways and impede tumor growth. However, treatment options for RAS-driven cancers are limited, with currently approved targeted therapies available for a subset of patients with KRAS G12C mutation.

Additional treatment options are needed for patients with G12C mutations, as well as new therapies targeting other oncogenic RAS mutations beyond G12C.

  • Understand the role of RAS proteins and the associated downstream signaling pathways in the regulation of cell proliferation and survival
  • Describe how mutations in the RAS gene, which occur in a substantial number of cancers, can drive cancer initiation and progression
  • Be aware of the limited treatment options available and unmet needs in the management of RAS-driven cancers

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Animated video

The role of RAS in normal cell regulation

Start Time: 0:00

Oncogenic RAS mutations and therapeutic challenges

Start Time: 1:10

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Revolution Medicines provided financial support and content, and has had input into the detailed project scope. This activity is provided by Touch Medical Communications (TMC) for touchONCOLOGY.

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Revolution Medicines provided financial support and content, and has had input into the detailed project scope. This activity is provided by Touch Medical Communications (TMC) for touchONCOLOGY.

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