Erratum to: Cytogenetic, Inflammatory, Immunologic, and Infectious Basis for Dysplastic Hematopoeisis

The antitumor activity of immune checkpoint inhibotors in various solid and haematologic malignancies has substantially increased immunotherapy implications for cancer. Once only a niche treatment for selected cancers (renal cancer and melanoma), now cancer immunotherapy has become an important option for many patients, even moving into the first-line systemic treatment setting for melanoma, non-small cell […]

Cholangiocarcinoma is an epithelial malignancy of the biliary system characterized by cholangiocyte differentiation, and its incidence is on the rise. Currently, cholangiocarcinomas are classified by their anatomical location in the biliary system as intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, distal cholangiocarcinoma, or hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Since 2010, the standard of care in all advanced, inoperable biliary tract cancers has been combination […]

Q. What is the role of PARP-1 in the pathogenesis of cancer? PARP-1 is a protein that resides in the cell nucleus where it plays a role in most, if not all, nuclear functions (e.g. DNA repair, transcription, RNA processing, RNA ribosomal transcription). PARP-1 uses these pathways to assist the cancer cell in its uncontrolled […]